Sulfate transporter gene family
From Purdue Genomics Database Facility
Contents |
Sulfate transporter gene family
Nakako Shibagaki, JBEI/LBNL, NShibagaki@lbl.gov
SLC25 family
Selaginella genome encodes five H+/SO42- sulfate transporter family proteins (SLC25). This type of sulfate transporters has been shown to transport sulfate and other anions in higher plants, fungi and animals (Mount and Romero, 2004).
SLC25 family proteins in plants are generally grouped into five clades. The first three transmembrane domains (TMDs), including the first and second TMDs which are suggested to be catalytically important (Loughlin et al., 2002), were used to generate a phylogenetic (neighbor-joining) tree of sulfate transporter proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa (Buchner et al., 2003), Physcomitrella patens and Selaginella, by using Mega4.0 (Tamura et al., 2007). Selaginella genome contains one gene whose amino acid sequence shows high similarity to those in Group4 transporters which function in tonoplast (Kataoka et al., 2004) and one similar to three of sulfate transporters of P. patens. There are two more sulfate transporter genes encoded in Selaginella genome which appear to be distant from members in any groups. Group5 has been revealed to be a molybdate transporter (Tomatsu et al., 2007, Tejada-Jiménez M et al., 2007). Selaginella genome contains at least one gene for Group5 transporter.
SLC13 family
Four putative Na+ dependent sulfate transporter like genes (SLC13) were also found in Selaginella genome as well as in Chlamydomonas genome which has been shown to contain three candidate genes for this family (Merchant et al., 2007). Function of those gene products in plants, however, remains unknown.
Bacterial type sulfate transporter family
Selaginella genome appears to have no genes for bacterial type sulfate transporters, which have been shown to be responsible for sulfate incorporation in Chlamydomonas plastid (SulP) (Chen et al., 2003).
References
Mount and Romero, The SLC26 gene family of multifunctional anion exchangers. Pflugers Arch. 2004 Feb;447(5):710-21. 2003 Loughlin P, Shelden MC, Tierney ML, Howitt SM. Structure and function of a model member of the SulP transporter family. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2002;36(2-3):183-90. Buchner P, Takahashi H, Hawkesford MJ. Plant sulphate transporters: co-ordination of uptake, intracellular and long-distance transport. J Exp Bot. 2004 Aug;55(404):1765-73.
Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S. MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Biol Evol. 2007 Aug;24(8):1596-9.
Kataoka T, Watanabe-Takahashi A, Hayashi N, Ohnishi M, Mimura T, Buchner P, Hawkesford MJ, Yamaya T, Takahashi H. Vacuolar sulfate transporters are essential determinants controlling internal distribution of sulfate in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 2004 Oct;16(10):2693-704.
Tomatsu H, Takano J, Takahashi H, Watanabe-Takahashi A, Shibagaki N, Fujiwara T. An Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity molybdate transporter required for efficient uptake of molybdate from soil. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Nov 20;104(47):18807-12.
Tejada-Jiménez M, Llamas A, Sanz-Luque E, Galván A, Fernández E. A high-affinity molybdate transporter in eukaryotes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 11;104(50):20126-30.
Merchant SS et al., The Chlamydomonas genome reveals the evolution of key animal and plant functions. Science. 2007 Oct 12;318(5848):245-50
Chen HC, Yokthongwattana K, Newton AJ, Melis A. SulP, a nuclear gene encoding a putative chloroplast-targeted sulfate permease in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Planta. 2003 Nov;218(1):98-106.
